The Making and Unmaking of a Child Soilder Essay - 745 Words

Erin Axson ENG101-036 The Discussion of â€Å"The Making and Unmaking of a Child Soldier† by Ishmael Beah The story â€Å"The Making and Unmaking of a Child Solider† is an insightful look into the life of a child drawn into the horror of war, yet still managing to survive. Throughout the story you see several examples of how a child evolves in spite of adversity and violence. At 12 years old children should be playing sports and living fun, healthy lives. This is opposite of Beah’s childhood experience. It is difficult for one to imagine the fear that would cripple a child when war is brought to their front door. Beah was just a child when he had to experience the devastation of losing his family. How could a 12 year old properly grieve†¦show more content†¦Almost as if he didn’t want to be saved from his life. Could he possibly not know a better life existed? Even when he was not on the battlefield, the hatred and anger overtook him. One quote is particularly chilling â€Å"we needed the violence to cheer us† (Beah 274). It is heartbreaking that a c hild could be so damaged. When going through withdrawals, Beah was defiant and rebellious. That is typical behavior of any child. It appears that even though Beah was taught to be a violent killer, he was still just a boy. It is intriguing that he experienced very little fear or any other emotion when killing; however, he was terrified in his dreams. Maybe, this is to detach himself from his unwanted reality? A child’s subconscious is a powerful thing. Beah’s interaction with Ester is his first attempt at trust since the death of his family. It is possible that the bond between the two formed due to Ester actually treating him like a child, not an adult. She became his temporary sister. Ester offering Beah a walkman was a way to reveal the boy in him. She also offered popular rap music that boys his age would enjoy. Ester was the first person since he left home to show him empathy. She spent time with him and allowed him to release Axson 3 some of the hatred he had bee n holding onto. While it was wonderful for Beah to find such a connection, one has to wonder what Ester’s motivation was. Beah clearly needed someone to help with the loneliness

The Inclusion And Exclusion Criteria Essay - 1644 Words

Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, six studies (published between 2002 and 2015) have been found to meet the standards and thus included in the current comparative analysis. Table 1 summarizes these studies in terms of their characteristics, with the original United States study (Cialdini et al., 1976) included for comparison. It can be noted that while most of the studies are situated in the context of a sporting event (i.e. boxing, basketball, football) and how fans reacted to the outcomes of these games, two replications extend BIRG into the display of political affiliations during national elections (Boen et al., 2002) and the act of basking in peer popularity and likeability (J. K. Dijkstra, Cillessen, Lindenberg, Veenstra, 2010). Similarly, the replications were done in Asian (Japan, Philippines), European (Belgium, France), and Middle Eastern (Israel) countries. The last replication is part of a larger study which has been fielded in multiple countries, involving Caucasian, Indonesian, and Antillian/Aruban student samples among others (J. K. Dijkstra et al., 2010). BIRG in sports and fan behavior The first set of replications to be discussed follows in Cialdini et al.’s (1976) focus on how fans reacted to the outcomes of sporting events in which the teams they ardently supported either won or lost (Wann Branscombe, 1990). Perhaps, the great representation of sporting events in the current analysis of BIRG replication studies can be rooted in how muchShow MoreRelatedLiterature Search Strategy898 Words   |  4 Pagesused all available inclusion dates from January 1, 2000 up to August 1, 2017. The search was limited to publications originally written in English and those that were translated into English. Search terms that were included in the search were the following: preterm + feeding, preterm + sucking, non-nutritive sucking. Randomized search controlled trials or quasi-randomized trials were considered that compared NNS intervention in preterm infants. Selection Procedure Inclusion criteria. Upon completionRead MoreIntegumentary System Of Skin1308 Words   |  6 Pagesgrafts to understand where advancements in skin grafts are headed. The purpose of this study will be to create a general literature review on the evolution of skin grafts through the 20th and 21st century. Population to Be Studied Specific inclusion/exclusion criteria will be used to search and select research articles for this literature review. Firstly, the PubMed databases will be used to search for research articles. Only articles written in English and published in the 20th and 21st century willRead MoreRelationship Between Depression And Frailty Syndrome1507 Words   |  7 Pagesclinical presentation of identifiable† (Buigues et al. 2014). Buigues et al. (2014) have then gone on to define frailty syndrome based on a criteria outlined by Fried et al. (2001) which included: weight loss, poor physical activity, slowness, reduced muscular strength, and exhaustion. It was appropriate that the authors chose to use this as their exclusion criteria for appropriate articles, as they stated that there is no one method of measurement that has been agreed on as a way of assessing frailtyRead MoreCritical Appraisal of Qualitative Research Study1032 Words   |  4 Pages84 years of age. There was a variation i n the functional status of residents. The following table is presented in the study to show how inclusion and exclusion criteria was used in the study to identify the participants in the study. (Carusone, Loeb, and Lohfeld, 2006, paraphrased) Figure 1: Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Have 2 or more of the following signs or symptoms: New or increased cough New or increased sputum production Fever (38 °C) PleuriticRead MoreThe Relationship between Bells Palsy in Children and Immunization904 Words   |  4 Pagesany other vaccine. Authors developed inclusion and exclusion criteria for the participants based on the literature. Inclusion criteria: †¢ Should be diagnosed with Bell’s palsy †¢ Should have one sided facial paralysis †¢ The initial signs and maximum paresis interval should have been 72 hours †¢ No history of head trauma or cerebrovascular condition, brain tumor, sickle cell disease, Guillain-Barre syndrome or any other neurological signs. Exclusion criteria: †¢ Absence of any facial muscle weaknessRead MoreWilderness And Expedition Medicine : The Wilderness Medicine1677 Words   |  7 Pagesranging from Emergency Medicine, to Pediatrics, to OB/GYN. The goal in targeting this population is that the information presented will be used personally and professionally to be better medical providers. Population inclusion criteria were determined by proximity. Inclusion criteria for this population was that individuals had to be graduates from an accredited university and had to be accepted into the University of St. Francis PA program class of 2019. Geographically, this population is locatedRead MoreBody920 Words   |  4 Pagesuniversity sleep laboratories. Various inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied throughout the studies. Studies such as Holmedahl et al. (2014) and Venkateswaran et al. (2014) intentionally excluded patients with only OSA. Wang et al. (2015) and Lacedonia et al. (2011) required that subjects be non-smokers for at least the previous two years, while Wang et al. (2013) required all subjects be smokers of at least 10 years. Nearly all studies implemented an exclusion criteria of other lung diseases or disordersRead MoreNurses Perceptions Of Acute Care Placements1709 Words   |  7 Pagescare experiences for student nurses and improve their future practice as a qualified nurse. As well as to identify any research gaps. 2. Methodology: Through the course of this chapter the method used to obtain the literature and the exclusion and inclusion criteria shall be discussed. An account of the selection process for the final papers will be given and it will indicate the critical appraisal tools to be used and the rationale for choosing these tools. 2.1. Identifying the literature InRead MoreEssay On Dynamic Membranes941 Words   |  4 Pages3. Inclusion/Exclusion criteria: Cells’ data bank will be screened to determine the dynamic membrane properties for each cell group and to ensure they meting all inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cells will be excluded from the study if they fall under one of the following: (1) Unhealthy neural cells (2) neural cells that have different diameter or geometric shape (3) cells that don’t contain all the required parameters values, (4) Cancer cells (5) Uncomplete data set. 4. Sample size calculation:Read MoreAbstract. .Background: Uninsured Patients With Diabetes1507 Words   |  7 PagesPurpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of health care provided for uninsured diabetic patients at the Cooper Rowan Clinic Methods: Quantitative analysis of participant outcomes were used to assess effectiveness. Results: A total of 55 participants met criteria to be included in the study. Nineteen (34.5%) participants had adequate glycemic control with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≠¤7%. More participants (34.5%, 19) had controlled diabetes mellitus at their initial visits than at their followup (30.9%, 17). However

Incarceration Of Youth And Its Effects On Reducing Crime...

Incarceration of Youth The United States leads the world in the incarceration of young people, there are over 100,000 youth placed in jail each year. Locking up youth has shown very little positive impact on reducing crime. Incarcerating youth have posed greater problems such as expenses, limited education, lack of employment, and effect on juveniles’ mental and physical well-being. In today’s society there has been an increase in the crimes committed by juveniles. Most juveniles have underlining factors that have caused them to choose this type of lifestyle. Many children in the juvenile system have come from impoverish stricken neighborhoods and are festered with gang activity which has made them a product of their environment. The minds of adolescents do not allow them to see how they are affecting their lives. A study was conducted, and according to the article, â€Å"Adolescents in Adult Court: Does the Punishment Fit the Criminal?†, when children mature, they will look back at th eir past and possibly leave their surroundings. Think about two people committing the same crime, both with the same thought process and ability to make decisions, except one is a juvenile and the other is grown. Due to the lack of experience in decision-making or the time to evaluate the situation like the adult, the youth should be viewed as irresponsible. The fact that a child’s mind is still maturing should reassure people that they will not be the same person incarcerated a few years later.Show MoreRelatedThe American Education System1437 Words   |  6 Pagesof our youth are becoming incarcerated at young ages. The educational system has taken a backseat when it comes to funding prisons; youths have chosen to live a life of crime, as education has become less substantial than money and resources allocated to prisons. Although television shows such as Lock Up or Lock Down expose the harsh realities of the wars that are ongoing in prison, the war on education has taken a substantial effect on young men and women, and has landed several youths to be housedRead MoreReform Struggles During The 1960 s S And It Changed The Appearance Of The Juvenile Justice System858 Words   |  4 PagesThis court system took on the responsibility for all concerns which involves family life and heavy concentration on delinquent and neglected youths. The PINS (person in need of supervision) and CHINS (children in need of supervision) were also created by legislation which contains issues like truancy. When utilizing these labels it sets jurisdiction over youth, juvenile courts extended their roles as social agencies. The 1960’s and 70’s the juvenile justice system was changed when it released cyclesRead MoreThe Problem With Mass Incarceration1445 Words   |  6 Pages The Problem with Mass Incarceration Over the past few decades, the United States has witnessed a huge surge in the number of individuals in jail and in prison. Evidence suggests the mass imprisonment policy from the last 40 years was a horrible catastrophe. Putting more people in prison not only ruined lives, it disrupted families, prevented ex-prisoners to find housing, to get an education, or even a good job. Regrettably, the United States has a higher percent of its population incarceratedRead MoreThe Incarceration Of The United States1044 Words   |  5 Pagesmany are juveniles. It is well documented that youths who enter this system are more likely to suffer a host of negative health and lifestyle outcomes, such as alcohol/drug abuse, high school dropout, and mental health problems. Such phenomena occur in stark contrast with the aims of the US juvenile justice system, which supposedly intends to help offending youths re-assimilate back into society as productive citizens. As previously mentioned, i ncarceration often leads to poor mental health, which whenRead MoreTrying Juveniles As Adults And Providing Rehabilitation1598 Words   |  7 PagesAs Adults And Providing Rehabilitation During Incarceration Today’s heated debate regarding the decision to try juveniles as adults has prompted individuals to construct opinionated and informational articles on the topic. The nation’s troubled youth are protected by groups that believe these offenders deserve rehabilitation and a chance to develop into a productive member of society. However, others believe that those committing certain heinous crimes should be tried as adults as a means to protectRead Moreimprovements of our youth criminal justice system Essay1187 Words   |  5 PagesWhen thinking about youth crime do you envision a country with a high rate of young offenders, gang activity and re-offending? Or do you envision a country with a significant increase of young offenders either being successfully reintegrated into society, or helped by a community when seeking forgiveness for a minor offence that they have committed? Since the passing of Bill C-7 or the Youth Criminal Justice Act on February 4, 2002 by the House of Commons, many significant improvements have beenRead MoreThe Approach of the Drug Policy Research Centre in Uganda1637 Words   |  7 Pages871 cases in 2010 reflecting a 79% increase (Uganda Police, 2011).The increase in use of khat and cannabis has been attributed to underemployment, family disruptions, high rates of crime and affordability (UYDEL, 2009). A new report indicates that the economic cost of loss of productivity from drug-related incarcerations is considerably higher than the cost associated with drug use. In light of this, the prime minister is weighing options of proposing new legislation which experiments with models ofRead MoreShould People Less Than Eighteen Years Old (Minors/Juveniles/Adolescents) Ever Be Tried and Sentenced as Adults?1516 Words   |  7 Pagestried and sentenced as adults? The legislation of trying and sentencing youth criminals under adult justice system has been a hot topic of debate. Supporters of tough laws on insist the need to enforce harsh penalties to uphold justice. The practice of treating youth criminals as adults since the 1990s is a result of the steep rise in youth crimes. However, youth advocates argue that tough laws should not be applied to youth offenders anymore. The core issue of the controversy is whether, becauseRead MoreJuvenile Justice And Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act1577 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress why this piece of legislation is important it will discuss the effects this act has had on the communities as well as the youths themselves. This paper, will also address the potential for change about the public attitudes towards the juvenile justice system and the social conditions it faces. Arguments will be presented to support the policy as well as arguments that were opposed to the passing of this it. The over all effect of the paper is to provide an overview of the issues surrounding theRead MoreDisproportionate Minority Contact739 Words   |  3 PagesContact Minority youth are disproportionately represented throughout juvenile justice systems in nearly every state in the nation. Disproportionate minority contact (DMC) in juvenile justice occurs when minority youth come into contact with the system at a higher rate than their white counterparts. African-Americans, Hispanics, Asians, Pacific Islanders and Native Americans comprise a combined one-third of the nations youth population. Yet they account for over two-thirds of the youth in secure juvenile

Influential Leaders Of Women s Suffrage - 1660 Words

Some of the more prominent leaders were; Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, Emmeline Pankhurst and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. These influential leaders involved in Women s Suffrage helped to improve the quality of life in the 1920’s by fighting for equality, and driving congress to pass the 19th amendment that gave women the strength and courage to stand up for themselves. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, born in 1815 Johnstown, New York, was an American feminist who organized the first women’s rights convention at the Wesleyan Chapel in Seneca Falls. On July 19th, 200 women met at this chapel to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman (History.com Staff). During the convention, Stanton rallied up all of the women and read â€Å"The Declaration of Sentiments and Grievances†. On the second day men were invited to attend. However, surprisingly Mott and Stanton were both banned from the convention. This sparked fires inside both of them, Stanton was infuriated, motivating her to found the women’s rights movement, National Women’s Loyal League, and the National Woman Suffrage Association. Lucretia Mott was born on January 3, 1793, and died on November 11, 1880. Mott is known to be one of the first Americans to publicly advocate equal rights for women. She was at the top of her class at Friend’s boarding school- a school that Cady Stanton and Susan Anthony attended. Before serving the women during the early 1800’s, she worked as an organized aid during the civil war,Show MoreRelatedThe Struggle For Gain Suffrage884 Words   |  4 PagesThe struggle to gain suffrage was not easy: anti-suffragists and the gender norms of society constantly interfered, leading to nearly a century-long battle of rights. Unlike preconceived notions about the suffrage movements of the nineteenth century, not all women wanted to obtain suffrage and women s organizations weren t always focused on the right to vote itself, but rather were radical. Change and new leadership were needed to refocus and improve women s suffrage organizations in order toRead MoreCampaign for Womens Suffrage in 1870 Essay examples1216 Words   |  5 PagesCampaign for Womens Suffrage in 1870 Women in the hundreds of years preceeding the crucial date of 1870 had always faced a life that they would be better of in as men. They had few, if any, rights to the things they owned, even there own children and they could effectively be bought or sold by parents and prospective partners alike. A woman belonged first to her parents then to her husband and was expected to carry out certain duties according to her classRead MoreAmes s Long Battle Against Lynch Law1257 Words   |  6 PagesDaniel Ames, who was a southern woman who played major roles in several local social movements between the two world wars- as the very first President of the Texas league of woman voters, leader in the Texas Equal Suffrage Association, Director of Woman’s Work for the Commission on Interracial Cooperation in the 1920’s, and following that decade as the head of the association of southern Woman for the prevention of Lynching (ASWPL). The book deals both with Ames’s work in the woman’s movement and herRead MoreWomen s Degradation By Elizabeth Cady Stanton928 Words   |  4 Pagesthat woman was made for man† (Stanton) Believed to be one of the greatest and most influential feminists of not only her generation, but of all time, Elizabeth Cady Stanton paved the way for women and their rights in a time when they had none. Elizabeth, was one of the first feminist theorists in America and through her beliefs that women deserve equality and equal rights, she paved the way for the future of women and her effect on America is still felt today. Elizabeth’s first major fight withinRead MoreThe Women s Suffrage Movement1443 Words   |  6 PagesThe woman suffrage movement, which succeeded in 1920 with the adoption of the Nineteenth Amendment, coincided with major national reform movements seeking to improve public education, create public health programs, regulate business and industrial practices, and establish standards agencies to ensure pure food and public water supplies. In 1870, the first attempt that Virginia women, as a campaign, fought for the right to vote in New Jersey when native Anna Whitehead Bodeker invited several men andRead MoreWhat was the Women’s Suffrage Movement, and How did it Change America?711 Words   |  3 PagesSuffrage: the right to vote in political elections. The men in America have always had the right to vote. They have always had the right to do whatever they wanted. Women, on the other hand, have not. They haven’t always been allowed to vote. 1920 marked a significan t landmark in American history. Women in all parts of the country voted in a political election for the first time. This may not sound like that big of a deal, but to the women of the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1800s, women wereRead MoreThe Women s Suffrage Movement889 Words   |  4 Pagesled the campaign for women’s suffrage during Wilson s administration. 2. NAWSA: National American Woman Suffrage Association. Founded by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony to secure the vote for women. 3. True Womanhood: (1820s-1840s) Idea that the ideal woman should possess the traits of piety, purity, domesticity submissiveness. 4. President Woodrow Wilson: Was against the women’s suffrage movement. 5. Jeannette Rankin (Montana): In 1916, before women could legally vote, she becameRead MoreThe Women s Rights Movement Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesweakness and seek for equality. Some of their jobs include teaching, secretary, and cooking. The most noticeable situation that occurs is that women were never given the opportunity to voice their opinion on what kind of job that they should do. In addition, voting at this point of time for women was quite impractical. The wartime was a difficult time for women who wanted to capitalize on an opportunity. They wanted a job to prove to men that they are much stronger. However, there was hope when theRead MoreEssay on The History of Womens Suffrage1535 Words   |  7 PagesThe History of Womens Suffrage This section on womens history will show the events that led to the suffrage movement and what the outcome was after the movement, plus how those events are involved in todays society. The women of the post suffrage era would not have the ability to the wide variety of professions were it not for their successes in the political arena for that time. In the early 1900’s when women were barred from most professions and limited in the amount of money theyRead MoreThe Women s Suffrage Movement1077 Words   |  5 PagesLife for women before August 18th,1920, was unequal to men (Adams, page 11). They did not have the right to vote nor were they able take action in anything. They also did not have a say in anything surrounding them. Government decisions were only taken by men. As years went by, women felt the need that they had to have a say in stuff. Today nearly fifty percent of the population in the United states are Women according to census. Considering that the average woman takes part of governmental elections

Ballet or Football Free Essays

Ashley Barnes Allie D. Rogers Engl 1010- 431 October 1, 2012 Ballet or Football? Ballet and football are both difficult sports to master; however, someone once said, â€Å"If ballet were any easier, they’d call it football. † What makes for a good sport? Every sport has rules and regulations that one must follow in order to play. We will write a custom essay sample on Ballet or Football or any similar topic only for you Order Now The sport requires specific skills such as strength, coordination, and speed. A good sport has a certain level of safety to keep the participants safe and requires a lot of teamwork so that every is playing together. I personally think ballet is the more technical of the two. Ballet is much more complex than football. Every sport requires you to follow certain guidelines. In football, the player can’t grab the opponent in certain ways or a yellow flag will be thrown on the ground to indicate holding or some penalty that no one has even heard of before. Football has rules that the team must obey. On the other hand, ballet is less restricted than football. They are no rules in ballet. Ballet is a form of art; there are no limitations on art. Ballet is not about winning or following any rules; it is about expression through movement. Although there is more freedom in ballet, there is a lot of technique required. You must hold your arms a certain way so that they do not droop, and you must always remember the turn out of your thigh when you tendu. Ballet may not have rules, but there are still plenty of little details to remember. Strength is a major component of almost any sport. In football, the quarterback relies on two hundred and fifty pound linemen to block so that he can get the ball in the end zone. The defensive linemen have to use their upper body strength to hold the opposing team and keep them from getting to the ball. They use their lower body to stand strong to hold their ground like grabbing a bull by the horns. Ballet requires a totally different kind of strength than football does. Dancers use their upper bodies to hold their arms above their heads in a perfect beach ball shaped fifth position while still keeping their shoulders down for thirty minutes at a time. They use their lower body strength to push out of a plie to a pique turn and have to maintain the core strength, so they do not wobble too much. Football does not require much coordination. It wasn’t a sport that was meant to be pretty. It was meant to be rough and rugged for the manliest of men. While watching the game, half of the time you don’t even know if they meant to fall down or if they just happen to be clumsy enough to fall over their own two feet. It tends to be one big dog pile play after play. In ballet, coordination is everything. Dancers must make sure they are in the exact spot that they are supposed to be at and be in sync with every other dancer on the stage. Pierce Brosnan said, â€Å"Love is a lot like dancing; you just surrender to the music† (Willcutt). Every beat must be a white flag waving and show complete dedication to the music. Dancers have to be coordinated enough to do long elaborate pieces of choreography while still maintaining a smile on their faces. Ballerinas must make every single movement appear effortless. In football, speed is very important when a wide receiver is trying to run the ball down the field. It is his speed that helps him to pass by the other players in lightning speed so fast that they do not even know what hit them. I know what you’re thinking†¦. why would you need speed in ballet? However, not one ballerina would ever dream of doing a slow fouette, a move in which you whip your leg around to spin. It would be a disaster. Fouettes are meant to be fast to get your body around faster to make your pirouettes prettier. Speed and extreme focus is what makes a ballerina capable of turning. Although countless football players get hurt yearly, they have equipment that is specifically designed to keep them from serious injury. Football players risk injury every time they step foot out on that field, but if they fall down, their equipment is there to take the majority of the impact. Safety is important in any sport you play; that is why in football the players wear pads and helmets for protection. However, dancers must maintain a flawless posture to keep from injuring themselves. There is no special equipment for a dancer to use to keep themselves to safe. A dancer must rely on stretching to warm up his or her muscles. Dancers have to take every good care of their ankles and knees because they are constantly at risk of injury. If a dancer twists her ankle on stage during a performance, she doesn’t call in the second string. She sucks it up, puts on a brave face, and keeps on dancing. Teamwork is important in football because if you don’t read your guards, then you are liable to screw the entire play up. The player must know what the play is and what exact role everyone is going to play. The players huddle up before each play to strategize against the other team. They break off and have to rely on their teammates to do what is required of them. Vince Lombardi said, â€Å"People who work together will win, whether it be against complex football defenses, or the problems of modern society† (Family of Vince). When you think of the word team, you don’t exactly picture a group of ballerinas dancing on a shiny hardwood stage. You stereotypically think of the Pittsburg Steelers or some other NFL team. However, in ballet, every dancer is part of a team. You have to be so in tune with one another that as soon as the music begins, everyone begins to dance as if a bunch of puppets moving on strings. If one â€Å"teammate† loses rhythm then the whole performance suffers. Dancers rehearse with their fellow dancers for weeks and weeks to perfect their dance so that it will be flawless. In the end, ballet and football require a great amount of passion and determination. If you do not have the heart, you will not be willing to put in the blood, sweat, and tears that it takes to pursue the sport whole-heartedly. Although football may be a little easier, both sports demand a lot of hard work. Works Cited Family of Vince Lombardi c/o Luminary Group LLC. â€Å"Famous Quotes by Vince Lombardi. † Vince Lombardi. 2010. Web. October 4, 2012. Willcutt, Sara. â€Å"Dance Quotes 3. † Ascending Star Dance- An Internet Dance Magazine. 2007. Web. October 4, 2012. How to cite Ballet or Football, Papers

Recruitment in an Industry for Recruiting- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theRecruitment in an Industry or Organisationfor Recruiting. Answer: Introduction Recruiting right people at the right position of the organisation is always a challenge for the organisation. Australia is one of the naturally gifted countries. The less crowded and extraordinary beauty of the landscape attracts lot of foreign tourist in the country. The prospect of the industry is also bright. One of the well known organisations in the hospitality sector is the Crown Melbourne. This is a resort and casino, situated in Melbourne, Australia. The organisation opened in 1994 and reopened in 1997 and the casino complex is one of the largest in the world. The re-launch in 1997 happened on the Yarra Rivers south bank with 5000 employee (Crowncareers.com.au, 2017). Over the years the organisation has grown. The organisation has well developed recruitment policy with proper work place diversity aspect followed. Recruitment Challenges Like other part of the business the workforce also has to be balanced with demand and supply (Lewis and Heckman, R2006). The nature of the business and the current position of the business need certain number and quality in the work force of the organisation. Then that need to be evaluated against the availability of the talent source that are available in the organisation as well as outside of the organisation. In todays time the human resource management is totally linked with the strategic direction that the organisations are following. Crown Melbourne is in the hospitality sector. The workforce related planning and challenges for the organisation would depend on some factors. The current and future position of the hospitality sector business would be one factor. This factor would influence the demand and supply position of the skilled personnel min the hospitality industry. The demographic condition is also factor in this process. The internal organisational system and the image that the organisation has in the market also may facilitate or create challenges in this process. Labour Demand and Supply Demand and supply of the skilled personnel in the hospitality industry depends on the prospect of the hospitality industry. The report related to the labour force of the tourism sector in Australia for the year 2015 to 2020 states that there is currently a shortfall of 39000 workers in the industry (FCB Group, 2016). The report is developed by Austrade. According to this report the industry would require 123000 number of workforce by the year 2020 and within this around 60000 would be requirement for the skilled workforce. It is evident from the data that the hospitality sector would be having problem recruiting the quality staffs because of the shortage of quality worker in the economy. The recruitment and selection process in the hospitality industry happens in two parts. The recruitment agencies in Australia do recruitments for the industry executive in one part and in another part they process the recruitment for the staffs like in the waitress and catering process. The recruitme nt of the executives in the industry do not depends on the economic cycle where as the process depends for the lower level staffs of the industry. Some study shows that the majority workforce in the industry is casual or part time basis. More than eighty percent of the jobs in the industry are filled through family and social reference (Treuren, 2007). Now the current situation is that there is a gap in the demand and supply of the human resource in the hospitality industry. Under that situation the organisations have to be very specific about the requirements in the organisation. the sourcing process need to consider the wider search strategy to recruit the appropriate number of quality people in the organisations work force. In the industry the employers are highly concern about the recruitments process (Smith and Brennan Kemmis, 2010). In Crown Melbourne in the recruitment policy they are very specific about the requirements. They are also concerned about the workplace diversity aspect. The quality employee is in short supply. There maintaining the diversity aspect along with that is much more challenging for the organisation. Image of the Organisation Hospitality industry is service driven industry. Here the quality human resource forms the main competitive advantage for the organisations. There attracting right kind of talent for the right opportunity in the organisation is essential (Hutchings et al., 2011). In the process of attracting the right talent in the organisation the significance of the company image is high. The employer brand value is important to attract the candidates. This brand value is the combination of organisations working approach in the market and possible working experience of the candidate in the organisation. There is already a shortfall in the supply side of the recruitment process. There the organisations in the hospitality sector need to think about the strategy to attract the right people in the recruitment process. The process of the recruitment is also important there. The more the recruitment and selection process becomes transparent, reliable the more it will become attractive to the candidate (W ilden et al., 2010). There the candidate would feel that they stand a fair chance of getting selected in the organisation. The organisation needs to also show that the working experience in the organisation is excellent. The potential employee should view the company as a growing one and by becoming part of the organisation they also stand a chance to grow. Corporate social responsibility plays a significant role in the image development of the organisation. The organisations that do not have a positive image or they are less known to the candidates, becomes less attractive to the quality candidate. There the recruitment process of the organisation struggles to recruit the quality people in the organisation. In the hospitality industry the image of the organisation plays an important role. There the prospective candidate would try to find the psychological motivating for joining the organisation. They would also look for the culture and value of the organisation (Gaddam, 2008). The Crown Melbourne is a large organisation and a well known brand in the hospitality industry. The organisation clearly states the benefit of joining the organisation. There they explicitly state that the organisation would provide the different type of development and learning opportunity to the employee to grow in the organisation (Crowncareers.com.au, 2017). This gives the accommodating culture of the organisation and project a positive image of the organisation. Demographic Issue The worker of the industry comes from the general population. There the demographic status plays an important role. sometime this aspect may become a challenging prospect for the recruitment process. Like aging population provide a serious challenge to the businesses to recruit. Currenly the median age of the Australia is 37. That means that 50% of the population is below the age of 37 (Abs.gov.au, 2015). The industry growth projection and the manpower requirements show that there are large requirements for fresh recruitment in the industry. The population available for the recruitment may become a significant challenge for the organisations in the hospitality industry. Considering the situation for the city of Melbourne where the Crown Melbourne is situated, total workforce population is around 360,330 in the year 2013. Out of these around 56% is in the age group of 25 to 44 years of age group. Out of these work force the male contribute 53% and the rest is female (melbourne.vic.gov .au, 2013). So the organisation Crown Melbourne feels challenging to recruit female employee in the organisation to maintain their diversity approach. The median age for the Melbourne area is 38.6 years and that is higher than the national average. So the organisations around the city may find it difficult to recruit the fresh staffs for the future growing demand. Over all the population of the country is aging there the organisations would find shortage in the labour force. Considering this and the current shortage of 39000 workers in the hospitality industry, the organisation in the industry would feel the problem aggravating. But to maintain the competitive advantage globally Australia needs high skilled working population (Shacklock and Brunetto, 2011). The current aging work force is having chronic disease condition and that makes then vulnerable under stressful, condition. The shortage in the workforce in the hospitality industry would put more pressure in the current strength and that creates the health and safety issue for the organisation (Loomes and McCarthy, 2011). In the city of Melbourne 63% of the working population are bon in Australia. Considering the current situation the percentage is high as the organisations have to look for other less aged working population. Around 44% of the working population in the city are employed in the industries like the financial, technical and scientific field and public administration (melbourne.vic.gov.au, 2013). The rest of the population combines the other sectors. In that context the supply of work force for the hospitality industry would be matter of concern in future considering the demand in the economy. The organisation need young energetic workforce in the work process. They put great stress on the diversity aspect, providing the opportunity to the indigenous people and the general health and safety of the workforce. All these aspect would develop serious challenges for the organisation to maintain the right balances in the organisation. Recommendation and Conclusion There are lot of factors that are providing challenges to the organisations in the recruitment processes. These challenges are internal as well as external. Crown Melbourne has a sound recruitment policy in the organisation. They maintain all the ethical approach in the recruitment and selection process. But considering the future requirements the organisation need to be prepared for the challenges in the recruitment process. One of the approaches could be the model developed by the Duke power a power company from America. There the pivotal roles was the based on the recruitment policy (Amin and Islam, 2013). The concept of pivotal roles are the position of the organisation which are essential to move the company in the progressive path. These are the base of the competency level. The organisation Crown Melbourne needs to first identify the positions in the organisation. Then the recruitment process needs to ensure that those positions in the organisation are adequately staffed. The result would be that the growth process in the organisation would not stop because of the recruitment challenges (Panda andSahoo, 2013). To find solution for recruitment challenges the organisation need to look for talents in the different part of the country. The population of the city of Melbourne has higher median range compare to the other part of the country. So being in this part of the country the organisation would find it difficult to recruit people from the city area. The surrounding areas of the city also have higher aged population. So hiring talent from the other states or the territory of the country where the quality of talent and the age group is appropriate would be important for the organisation. To attract talent from the distant place the image of the organisation need to be promoted to make it much more attractive to the candidate to move in the city for the job. There the organisation needs to showcase the success that the employee achieved within the organisat ion. Engaging with the prospective candidate through social media would a good strategy (Sivertzen et al., 2013). High level of job engagement and the sound CSR activity would also help in this regard. Reference Abs.gov.au. (2015).3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Jun 2015. [online] Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/featurearticlesbyCatalogue/7A40A407211F35F4CA257A2200120EAA?OpenDocument [Accessed 26 May 2017]. Amin, M. R., Islam, M. J. (2013). Organizational Effectiveness and Efficiency through Manpower Planning and Development: A Study on Selected Service and Manufacturing Organizations of Bangladesh.World,3(5). Crowncareers.com.au. (2017).Crown Careers - Inside Crown. [online] Available at: https://crowncareers.com.au/inside-crown [Accessed 26 May 2017]. FCB Group. (2016).Hospitality and Leisure industry; Future-proof your workforce. [online] Available at: https://www.fcbgroup.com.au/news/hospitality-and-leisure-industry/ [Accessed 12 May 2017]. Gaddam, S. (2008). Modeling Employer Branding Communication: The Softer Aspect of HR Marketing Management.ICFAI Journal of Soft Skills,2(1). Hutchings, K., De Cieri, H., Shea, T. (2011). Employee attraction and retention in the Australian resources sector.Journal of Industrial Relations,53(1), 83-101. Lewis, R. E., Heckman, R. J. (2006). Talent management: A critical review.Human resource management review,16(2), 139-154. Loomes, S., McCarthy, G. (2011). The aging workforce: how can Australian universities address future workforce challenges?. melbourne.vic.gov.au. (2013).City of Melbourne 2013 Workers Demographic Profile. [online] Available at: https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/demographic-profile-workers-2013.pdf [Accessed 26 May 2017]. Panda, S., Sahoo, C. K. (2013). Workforce Planning and Talent Acquisition: An Exploration.Productivity,54(1), 77. Shacklock, K., Brunetto, Y. (2011). A model of older workers' intentions to continue working.Personnel Review,40(2), 252-274. Sivertzen, A. M., Nilsen, E. R., Olafsen, A. H. (2013). Employer branding: employer attractiveness and the use of social media.Journal of Product Brand Management,22(7), 473-483. Smith, E., Brennan Kemmis, R. (2010). What industry wants: employers' preferences for training.Education+ Training,52(3), 214-225. Treuren, G. (2007). Job Search and Selection Outside the Primary Labour Market: The Ways in Which Undergraduate Students Find Part-time Employment and the Ways Their Employers Hire Them.International Employment Relations Review,13(2), 41. Wilden, R., Gudergan, S., Lings, I. (2010). Employer branding: strategic implications for staff recruitment.Journal of Marketing Management,26(1-2), 56-73.

Issues Businesses Of These Three Companies â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Issues Businesses Of These Three Companies? Answer: Introduction All over the world, another popular synonym of Winding up is the process of liquidation of the companies as with the assistance of this process, business organizations use wind up all of their business processes (Uher et al., 2012). In this process, all the liabilities and rights of the companies are recognized and the companies wither settle all the dues of the creditors or they warrant the creditors with assets of the companies. Most of the companies operates as per ideas of the board of directors as the board of directors is the central part of the companys management (Scholleova, 2012). They have the ultimate power to take major business decisions in order to keep the interest of the companys stakeholders like shareholders, investors, customers and others. Effective decision-making process ensures the long run of the companies as it helps to develop effective business strategies. On the other hand, Corporate Governance ensures in the effective business operations of the companies as the effectiveness of the companies largely depends on various major aspects like principles, guidelines, code of conducts and others. It is considered as the major incapability of the companies in the field of corporate governance when they fail to comply with the corporate governance principles (Wang, 2012). This report is based on the liquidation or winding up of the businesses of three of the Australian major companies and they are ABC Learning, HIH insurance and One Tel Phone. The aim of this report is to focus on the specific reasons that led to the winding up of the businesses of these three companies. Overview of the Companies ABC Learning In their earlier years, ABC Learning was well known for one of the major companies in the education industry of Australia. ABC Learning was listed in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) and the company had a market capitalization of AUD$ 2.5 billion. However, ABC Learning was confronted with major managerial issues after affecting with the subprime mortgage crisis, as the company was overwhelmed with the burden of debt repayment. It was the failure of the auditors of ABC Learning as they failed to conclude the financial reports of the company regarding previous years profit. ABC Learning was established in 1988 in Queensland. Since the commencement of their business operation, ABC Learning was majorly successful to establish more than nine hundred centers all over Australia and New Zealand by 2006. In the year 2006, ABC Learning announced the acquisition of United States second largest child care provider for the amount of $330 million along with the acquisition of United Kingdoms fi fth largest child care provider Busy Bee Group. All these acquisitions helped ABC Learning to expand their business in United States and United Kingdom with one percent market share (smh.com.au, 2017). One Tel Phone One Tel Phone was one of the major telecommunication companies of Australia. The company commenced its business operations in 1995 after the deregulations of the Australian telecommunication industry. At present, most of the Australian companies of telecommunication industry are under the external management of court appointed liquidator. The major focus of One Tel Phone was to fulfill the needs of the customers by delivering better quality of services and products. The major attempt of the company was to establish a youth oriented image with the help of selling mobile phones along with One Net internet services. Prior to the collapse, One Tel Phone became the fourth largest telecommunication company of Australia. The origin idea of the company was to start with the development of a simple mobile phone that all the customers can easily access and understand. The major focus of the company was on the residential people of Australia opposite to the commercial marketing. One Tel Phone w anted the whole group of customers of Australia to gain access on all the telephone products with the help of high marketing strategy (research-repository.griffith.edu.au, 2017). HIH Insurance HIH Insurance was one of the major insurance companies of Australia after the company commenced its business operations in the year 1997. In the year 1998, HIH Insurance made acquisition of many companies in Australia and all over the world. The company was listed in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in the year 1992 and in 1995 the company sold most of its stake to Switzerland based company and changed its name to HIH Insurance. This particular deal comprised of the operations of Colonial Limited General Insurance in Australia and New Zealand. As per the estimation of the liquidators, the total loss amount of HIH Insurance was $5.3 billion. As a part of the investigation on HIH Insurance, large number of members of the companys management within the organization were convicted and imprisoned based on various fraud cases. The collapse of HIH Insurance is considered as the largest corporate collapse in Australia history (hih.com.au, 2017). Reasons for Winding up and Corporate Governance Failure ABC Learning The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of ABC Learning are stated below: In the second half of the year 2007, ABC Learning suffered an unexpected huge fall in the profit by 42% worth $37.1 million along with a major debt of the organization worth $1.8 billion. All these aspects contributed to the fall of the share process of the company (crikey.com.au, 2017). As a result of the fall in share prices, the company registered a fall of 43% in the price of the shares of $2.15 with a low of $1.15. At the end of the financial year, ABC Learning ABC Learning had to sell all of their stakes worth $20 million and $6 million for an amount of $2.7 million. This process contributed to the suspension of all the trading activities of the company as the company failed to failed to release the companys reports of earning for the year 2007 to 2008. In spite of the selling of the assets of the company, ABC Learning had to fall into massive financial problems due to the massive increase in the dent of the company and the auditors of the company failed to conclude the accounts (smh.com.au, 2017). In case of the calculation of Goodwill and others, ABC Learning followed the wrong method of accounting. By only charging the impairment of $8.4 million, ABC Learning made the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets worth $2.4 billion. As a result of the adoption of wrong accounting method, the future cash flow of ABC Learning was found to be wrong and this aspects contributed to 42% loss of the company. This particular failure is considered as one of the major reasons for the collapse of ABC Learning One Tel Company The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of One Tel Phone are stated below: On a constant basis, One Tel Phone registered superior amount of profit and the company deferred the operating expenses for the period of three years. The accountant of the company adopted the accounting practices that were against the accounting standards and bookkeeping principles (wsws.org, 2017). The origin of One Tel Phones financial issues commenced in 2000 as the company registered a loss of $291 million. This contributed to the fall in share prices below $1. At the end of 2001 April, One Tel Phone lacked required funds for business and as a result, Rodney Adler, the director of the company sold 5 million shares of the company for $2.5 million. As per the administrative report, One Tel Phone became insolvent and stared to lay off their 1400 employees (abc.net.au, 2017). The liquidation process of One Tel Phone demanded the compensation of $92 million from the directors of the company as the directors of the company failed to exercise their powers regarding effective due care and diligence. One of the major reasons of the collapse of One Tel Phone is that the company started to charge one seventh from their customers by considering the fact that they would be able to recover that in near future. However, this did not happened. As a result of this, One Tel Phone lacked required cash for operations that led to the liquidation of the company. HIH Insurance The major reasons that contributed to the winding up and corporate governance failure of HIH Insurance are stated below: In the process of acquiring FAI Insurance, HIH Insurance invested huge amount of money that affected the insurance business of the company. As a result of this, HIH Insurance had to concede massive damage. The entering of HIH Insurance in the film industry was one of the major reasons behind the fall of HIH Insurance. The company had to concede a loss of more than $100 million over the years out of these move (aph.gov.au, 2017). HIH Insurance had to face major financial loss due to the natural disaster of Florida. As a result, the company had to take large amount debt that contributed to the collapse of HIH Insurance. The abrupt changes in the compensation policy of HIH Insurance were another major reason for the collapse of HIH Insurance that the company paid to the employees of California industry. The company had to face huge amount of loss for this. As per the liquidators, HIH Insurance lost over $800 million in a time span of six months. This was another major reason of the fall of HIH Insurance (smh.com.au, 2017). Ethical Issues ABC Learning In ABC Learning, one of the major reasons for the liquidation is the wrong adaptation of accounting policies that led to the various accounting fraudulent. It is evident that ABC Learning displayed wrong bookkeeping process. Another major ethical issue in the liquidation of ABC Learning was the rendering of services to their customers. The company was held responsible for providing the customers with improper rendering of services (Ford and Richardson, 2013). One Tel Company One Tel Phone violated many accounting rules and practices. As a result of this, One Tel Phone violated the principles of ethical code of conduct and compliances. Regarding the business operations, the management of One Tel Phone failed I monitoring the financial performance of the company and they ignored the important areas of investment that contained high risk (Wang and Hsieh, 2013). Another major ethical reason for the liquidation of One Tel Phone was the failure of companys director in the adoption of strong pricing strategy. As a result of this, One Tel Phone has to concede loss of income and other financial problems. It can be said that the directors of One Tel Phone failed to act ethically in discharging the business obligations. HIH Insurance Without obtaining the approval from Board of Directors, HIH Insurance acquired the business of FAI Insurance. This aspect shows the poor corporate governance of the company. Another major ethical issue in HIH Insurance is that the company did not pay adequate attention to carry the business operations as per the due diligence. Constant changes in managerial position were another issue (Slade and Prinsloo, 2013). It was charge on Mr. William that he was responsible for improper management as he was accused for material misstatement and to overstate the organizational profit for the year 1998 to 1999. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be seen that poor corporate governance and ineffective identification of the financial risk factors were major reasons for the liquidation of these companies. In addition, the failure of these companies to adopt the fair financial practices is another major reason for the winding up of the businesses of these three companies. Apart from all these issues, the presence of some major ethical issues can also be noticed in the wading up of these companies. Thus, it can be concluded that both financial and ethical issues are there behind the liquidation of ABC Learning, HIH Insurance and One Tel Phone. Recommendations Based on the above discussion, some recommendations are provided below: It is recommended to the business organizations to they should implement effective corporate governance strategy in order to find the business risks. It is recommended to the business organizations that they should adopt true and fair accounting policies in order to carry on the accounting and financial operations. References ABC News. (2017).OneTel...one big debacle. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-11-20/28324 [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Aph.gov.au. (2017).HIH Insurance Group collapse Parliament of Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/Publications_Archive/archive/hihinsurance [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Cook, T. (2017).Collapse of Australia's fourth largest telco adds to growing list of corporate failures. [online] Wsws.org. Available at: https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2001/06/onte-j08.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Crikey.com.au, 2017.ABC learning collapse is a policy failure. [online] Crikey. Available at: https://www.crikey.com.au/2008/11/07/abc-learning-collapse-is-a-policy-failure/ [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. HIH Insurance, 2017.HIH Insurance. [online] Hih.com.au. Available at: https://www.hih.com.au/ [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Kruger, C., 2017.Lessons to be learnt from ABC Learning's collapse. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/lessons-to-be-learnt-from-abc-learnings-collapse-20090101-78f8.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Kruger, C., 2017.Numbers finally start to add up as operators go back to basics. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/business/numbers-finally-start-to-add-up-as-operators-go-back-to-basics-20110121-19zy6.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Scholleova, H., 2012. The Economic Crisis and Working Capital Management of Companies.Theoretical and Applied Economics,4(4), p.79. Slade, S. and Prinsloo, P., 2013. Learning analytics: Ethical issues and dilemmas.American Behavioral Scientist,57(10), pp.1510-1529. Smh.com.au. (2017).HIH : The Inside Story Of Australia's Biggest Corporate Collapse - smh.com.au. [online] Available at: https://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/03/14/1047583693489.html [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. The One.Tel Collapse, 2017.The One.Tel Collapse: Lessons for Corporate Governance. [online] research-repository.griffith.edu.au. Available at: https://research-repository.griffith.edu.au/bitstream/handle/10072/42673/74746_1.pdf [Accessed 10 Sep. 2017]. Uher, M., Nagy, C.M., Cotlet, B. and Cotlet, D., 2012. Merger of Commercial Companies in the Conditions of the Financial Crisis.Anale. Seria Stiinte Economice. Timisoara,18, p.417. Wang, C.A., 2012. Determinants of the choice of formal bankruptcy procedure: An international comparison of reorganization and liquidation.Emerging Markets Finance and Trade,48(2), pp.4-28. Wang, Y.D. and Hsieh, H.H., 2013. Organizational ethical climate, perceived organizational support, and employee silence: A cross-level investigation.Human Relations,66(6), pp.783-802.